In advanced treatments with Intra Cystoplasmic Sperm Injection (ICSI) for men with infertility due to very low sperm count or no sperm at all, sperms are retrieved from their testes or epididymis. The sperms are surgically retrieved by two methods: Testicular Epididymal Sperm Aspiration (TESA) from the testes or Percutaneous Epididymal Sperm Aspiration (PESA) from the epididymis. The success rates with the retrieved sperms are the same as other IVF.